Where should an elevated stream be directed near ventilation?

Directing an elevated stream of water above the horizontal plane is essential when dealing with fire operations, especially near ventilation openings. This approach allows the water to effectively reach and impact the upper layers of heat and smoke that accumulate in a structure during a fire. When water is applied from above, it has a greater chance of penetrating the smoke and heat layer, allowing it to reach the seat of the fire more effectively.

By aiming above the horizontal plane, the stream can take advantage of gravity, pulling the water down onto the fire, and aiding in creating steam that can help with extinguishment. Additionally, directing water from above can minimize the risk of creating additional steam hazards for firefighters operating below.

If water is directed below the horizontal plane or at the same level as the fire, it may not penetrate effectively through the smoke layer, which can lead to insufficient suppression efforts. Likewise, directing the stream around the perimeter of the building is not ideal as it may waste water and not reach the seat of the fire where it is needed most.